【背景】四月份收到的禮物--這本C.S.Lewis的經(jīng)典合集，驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)身邊居然不少C.S.Lewis的粉絲；七月份組織了一個英文讀書會BookClub，計劃從第一本MereChristianity開始慢慢讀。于是就有了這個 “Daily Post”系列。
Book1 Chapter 3, The Reality of the Law, 關(guān)于人類法則的一些現(xiàn)實
In this Chapter, Lewis picks up where he? left off in Chapter 1, discussing thefoundations of us and the universe we inhabit. First, humans are aware of-- and can not escape from -- the idea of how they?ought to behave --the Law of Human Nature, or decent behavior; second, humans often break this law.??在本章中，Lewis繼續(xù)第一章的討論，探討人類和我們所居住的宇宙的兩個基本點：首先，人類意識到，并且無法逃避“他們應(yīng)該如何體面行為的觀念”——即人類天性法則；其次，人類經(jīng)常違反這一法則。
Lewis called? this"odd," although it may seem natural to most people. After all, humans are imperfect. However, Lewis emphasizes that his delving into the "reality"of the Law of Human Nature is not to blame humanity but to seek the truth. He states that acknowledging "something being imperfect" or "not what it ought to be" has certain consequences. Lewis稱這種現(xiàn)象為“奇怪”，盡管對大多數(shù)人來說可能看起來很自然。畢竟，人類不是完美的嘛。然而，Lewis強調(diào)，他深入探討人類天性法則的“現(xiàn)實”并不是為了責(zé)備人類，而是為了尋求真理。他指出，承認(rèn)“人類不完美”或“不是應(yīng)有的樣子”具有一定的后果。
Lewis then thoroughly compares the difference between the Law of Gravity and the Law of Human Nature. He points out that the former provides facts—what stones do if you drop them—while the latter tells you whathuman beings ought to do but often do not. He counters the argument that when you say a man should not act as he does, you are merely expressing personalinconvenience, using down-to-earth examples from everyday life—a man who gets aseat on the train, one who unsuccessfully tries to trip another, one whoaccidentally trips someone, and a man caught by the enemy and betrays. Lewis,calling himself a layman rather than a theologian, clarifies these ideasthrough these clear and vivid examples. I love this approach, I’ve always believed that the best teachers are those who can explain complex concepts with simplicity.? 然后，Lewis詳細(xì)比較了重力法則和人類天性法則的區(qū)別。他指出，前者提供的是事實——比如你把石頭扔下去會發(fā)生什么——而后者告訴你人類應(yīng)該做什么，但往往沒有做到。他反駁了這樣一種觀點，即‘當(dāng)你說一個人不應(yīng)該那樣行事時，只是在表達對你個人的不便’，他使用日常生活中的具體例子來說明這一點——一個人在火車上先占到一個座位，一個試圖絆倒別人的人，一個意外絆倒別人的人，以及一個被敵人抓住后背叛的人。Lewis自稱為外行人，而非神學(xué)家，他擅長通過這些清晰生動的例子來闡明觀點。我特別喜歡這種方法，我一直認(rèn)為最好的老師是那些深入簡出，能夠用簡單的方式解釋復(fù)雜概念的人。
He also uses the analogy of "why playing football"to question "why man should be unselfish." In both cases, the answers simply circle back to the original questions. I speculate that Lewis must have had a group of friends who loved to argue and debate with him, possibly at the Pub of "Child and Eagle," as he seems to know exactly what people would say and counters each point accurately.他還使用了“為什么要踢足球？”這個問題來類比“為什么人應(yīng)該無私？”這個問題。在這兩種情況下，答案都只是繞回到了原始問題上。我推測，Lewis一定有一群喜歡與他爭論和辯論的朋友，可能在“孩子與鷹”酒吧，因為他似乎準(zhǔn)確地知道人們會說什么，并且準(zhǔn)確地反駁每一個觀點。
In conclusion, Lewis argues that unlike the Law of Gravity, the Law of Human Nature is not a?fact?about human behavior;In the meantime, it is not a mere fancy that we can dismiss; nor is it simply a statement about how we expect others to behave for our own convenience; Consequently,the Rule of Right and Wrong must be a real thing , not made up by ourselves,?above and beyond the ordinary facts of men's behavior; It is?an external force none of us created, yet all of us feel pressing on us. 總結(jié)一下，Lewis認(rèn)為，人類天性法則與重力法則不同，它不是關(guān)于人類行為的事實；同時，它也不是我們可以忽略的幻想；它也不僅僅是關(guān)于我們?yōu)榱俗陨肀憷谕诵袨榈年愂?；因此，對與錯的規(guī)則必須是真實存在的，而不是我們自己編造的，它超越了人類行為的普通事實；它是一種外在的力量，不是我們?nèi)魏稳藙?chuàng)造的，但我們所有人都感受到它的壓力。
Then the question we are faced with?is:?what is it?那我們面臨的問題就是：它（這種外在的力量）究竟是什么？
