一：創(chuàng)建項目，引入包依賴

我創(chuàng)建的是Java的maven項目，在pom.xml下引入testng和httpclient
httpclient:基于http協(xié)議，客戶端 HTTP 協(xié)議傳輸類庫，用戶發(fā)送和接受http的消息

       <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
        <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
        <version>6.9.9</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
       <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

二：封裝post和get方法

創(chuàng)建一個工具類RestClient

//get請求方法,不帶請求頭
    public CloseableHttpResponse get(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
      //創(chuàng)建一個可關(guān)閉的HttpClient對象
      CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
      //創(chuàng)建一個httpget對象
      HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
      //執(zhí)行請求,相當于瀏覽器點擊發(fā)送按鈕，然后賦值給HttpResponse對象接收
      CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpget);
      //返回請求的結(jié)果
      return httpResponse;
      
    }
//get帶請求頭
    public CloseableHttpResponse get(String url,HashMap<String,String> headermap) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient=HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpGet httpget=new HttpGet(url);
        for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:headermap.entrySet()){
            httpget.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse=httpclient.execute(httpget);
        return httpResponse;
    }
//post方法
    public CloseableHttpResponse post(String url,String entityString,HashMap<String,String> headermap) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
        //創(chuàng)建一個httpClient對象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient=HttpClients.createDefault();
        //創(chuàng)建一個httppost對象
        HttpPost httppost=new HttpPost(url);
        HttpEntity entity=new StringEntity(entityString.toLowerCase());
        //設(shè)置一個payload
        httppost.setEntity(entity);
        //加載請求頭到httppost對象
        if(headermap!=null){
            for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headermap.entrySet()){
                httppost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        //發(fā)送請求
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        //返回請求的結(jié)果
        return httpResponse;
    }

三：測試接口

創(chuàng)建一個test執(zhí)行的類，使用@Test標記

public class DoubanTest {
    CloseableHttpResponse closeableHttpResponse;
    @Test
    public void getMovie() throws IOException {
        //接口地址
        String url="這是要測試的api";
        RestClient rest=new RestClient();
        //構(gòu)造請求頭信息
        HashMap<String,String> headermap = new HashMap<String,String>();
        headermap.put("Content-Type", "application/json");
        //構(gòu)造請求的參數(shù)信息
        JsonObject json=new JsonObject();
        json.addProperty("page", "1");
        json.addProperty("count", "2");
        json.addProperty("type","video");
        //發(fā)送post請求
        closeableHttpResponse=rest.post(url,json.toString(),headermap);
        //獲取接口返回狀態(tài)碼
        int statusCode=closeableHttpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        System.out.println("the code is"+statusCode);
        //獲取接口的返回內(nèi)容
        String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(closeableHttpResponse.getEntity());
        System.out.println("the response is:"+responseString);



    }
}

運行test類，在控制臺打印出接口相關(guān)信息

接口返回打印信息.png

這樣最基礎(chǔ)的一個接口測試框架算是跑通了