? ? ? ?上次故事講到動詞為了扮演句子其他角色,給自己進(jìn)行整容,變成了動名詞(ing),分詞(ing. done)和不定式(to do)三種形式。至于動詞為什么要把自己變成這三種樣子,Amanda暫時還沒有頓悟出來,可能有原因,但是語言的很多用法也都是習(xí)慣或者約定俗成的。Amanda目前的認(rèn)為:
ing--------來源于謂語bedoing ? ?(進(jìn)行時態(tài)的主動結(jié)構(gòu))------表示主動,進(jìn)行含義。
done------來源于謂語be done (被動語態(tài))------表示被動完成含義。
to ?do----不定式,暫時沒找到依據(jù),但我把“不定”理解為“不固定,不限定”,可能就是說to do這個非謂語動詞扮演的角色很不固定。------表示將來含義。
從形式上來看,非謂語動詞包括ing, done, to do三種形式,但是從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來說,非謂語動詞指的是動名詞,分詞和不定式。具體內(nèi)容和假裝身份如下圖所示:

因為假裝身份不一樣,所以這三個形式所扮演的角色當(dāng)然不一樣,如下圖所示:

? ? ? 通過觀察會發(fā)現(xiàn),動名詞扮演名詞能充當(dāng)?shù)慕巧衷~扮演形容詞,副詞能擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)慕巧?,不定式最膩害了,奔波于多個片場,穿梭于多個角色??蠢洌?br>
1. When to leave has not been decided. (主)
2. Don’t forget to lock the door when you leave.(賓)
3. He advised me to read more books.(賓補(bǔ))
4. His job is to paint the walls.(表)
5. I have a lot of work to do.(定)
6. Mary works hard to make progress.(狀)
7. Playing with fire is dangerous.(主)
8. He considered moving to another city.(賓)
9. His job is painting the walls.(表)
10. There is a sleeping bag on the floor.(定)
11. I found a girl singing outside.(賓補(bǔ))
12. The music they listened to sounds exciting.(表)
13. The beautiful village remains unknown to the rest of the world. (表)
14. The girl left by his parents felt heart-broken.(定)
15. Invited by John, Lily attended the party.(狀)
? ? ?這一期就到這里,大家先從整體來了解一些非謂語動詞,至于這三種形式的在變形和具體使用,下一期再進(jìn)行詳細(xì)講解。Amanda一直建議語法要從宏觀角度提綱挈領(lǐng)地先構(gòu)建框架,然后在關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)。