參考范文1

The bar chart illustrates how many millions of American households fell into four annual-income brackets in three separate years: 2007, 2011 and 2015.

Overall, the income distribution shifted upwards. Whereas households earning less than 25,000 remained the single largest group throughout the period, their share contracted noticeably, and the 100,000-plus segment expanded until it became the second-largest by 2015.

In 2007, 28 million homes were in the lowest bracket; this figure dipped to 26 million in 2011 before sliding further to 24 million in 2015. Conversely, the highest earners advanced steadily, climbing from 21 million to 24 million and then surging to 31 million, an increase of almost 50 % in eight years.

The two middle bands displayed more modest fluctuations. Households pulling in 25,000-49,999 edged down from 21 million to 19 million, whereas those in the 50,000-74,999 range hovered around 15 million. The 75,000-99,999 cohort was the most stable, remaining at roughly 12 million in every recorded year.

In summary, the period witnessed a clear polarisation: lower-income households diminished in number, while affluent households proliferated, signalling a gradual, yet consistent, rise in the earning power of US families.

中文譯文

該柱狀圖展示了 2007、2011 和 2015 三年中，美國(guó)家庭按年收入劃分的數(shù)量（以百萬(wàn)為單位）。

總體而言，收入分布整體向上移動(dòng)。盡管年收入低于 25,000 美元的家庭始終是最大群體，但其數(shù)量顯著縮減；而 100,000 美元以上的家庭持續(xù)增加，至 2015 年已躍升為第二大群體。

2007 年，最低收入段有 2,800 萬(wàn)戶，2011 年降至 2,600 萬(wàn)，2015 年進(jìn)一步減至 2,400 萬(wàn)。相反，最高收入段從 2,100 萬(wàn)穩(wěn)步增至 2,400 萬(wàn)，隨后飆升至 3,100 萬(wàn)，八年間漲幅近五成。

兩個(gè)中等收入段波動(dòng)較?。?5,000–49,999 美元段由 2,100 萬(wàn)略降至 1,900 萬(wàn)；50,000–74,999 美元段圍繞 1,500 萬(wàn)徘徊；75,000–99,999 美元段最為穩(wěn)定，始終保持在約 1,200 萬(wàn)。

總之，這一時(shí)期呈現(xiàn)出明顯的兩極化：低收入家庭減少，高收入家庭增多，表明美國(guó)家庭整體收入水平逐步提升。

核心詞匯 + 同義替換

1. bar chart /bɑ? t?ɑ?rt/? column graph /?k?l?m ɡrɑ?f/?

2. household /?ha?sh??ld/? family unit /?f?m?li ?ju?n?t/?

3. annual income /??nju?l ??nk?m/?

yearly earnings /?j??li ???n??z/?

4. bracket /?br?k?t/? category /?k?t?ɡ?ri/?

5. remain stable /r??me?n ?ste?bl/? stay constant /ste? ?k?nst?nt/?

6. shrink /?r??k/? contract /k?n?tr?kt/?

7. surge /s??d?/? soar /s??(r)/?

8. overtake /???v??te?k/?

outnumber /?a?t?n?mb?(r)/?

柱狀圖常用句型

1. The bar chart illustrates how many … fell into four distinct … brackets in …?

2. Overall, a clear upward shift in the income distribution is evident.?

3. The figure for … dipped from … in … to … in …, whereas that for … surged to …?

4. By 2015, … had overtaken … to become the second-largest group.?

5. In summary, the period witnessed a pronounced polarisation, with … diminishing and … proliferating.

參考范文2

The bar chart compares the number of US households across five income brackets in 2007, 2011, and 2015.

In all years, households earning less than 25,000 were the most prevalent, though their numbers fluctuated slightly: around 25 million in 2007, 29 million in 2011, and 28 million in 2015. The less than 25,000(dark grey) were the most prevalent, though their numbers fluctuated slightly: around 25 million in 2007, 29 million in 2011, and 28 million in 2015. The25,000(darkgrey)were the most prevalent, though their numbers fluctuated slightly: around 25 million in 2007, 29million in 2011, and 28million in 2015. The 25,000–$49,999 group(white) followed closely, with figures stable at approximately 27 million in 2007 and 2015, dipping marginally to 26 million in 2011.

For middle-income brackets (grey and light grey), the50,000–50,000–50,000–74,999 category remained steady at 21–22 million over the period, while75,000–75,000–75,000–99,999 households stayed constant at 15 million. Notably, the highest earners ($100,000 or more, diagonal stripes) showed the most significant growth: from 15 million in 2007 to 33 million in 2015, nearly doubling.

Overall, lower-income households (<$50k) dominated numerically, but the top bracket expanded dramatically, suggesting a widening income distribution over eight years.

譯文

該柱狀圖對(duì)比了2007年、2011年和2015年美國(guó)五個(gè)收入階層的家庭數(shù)量。

在所有年份中，年收入低于25,000美元的家庭（深灰色）占比最高，但其數(shù)量略有波動(dòng)：2007年約2500萬(wàn)，2011年增至2900萬(wàn)，2015年回落至2800萬(wàn)。25,000–49,999美元收入組（白色）緊隨其后，2007年和2015年均穩(wěn)定在約2700萬(wàn)，2011年小幅下降至2600萬(wàn)。

中等收入階層（灰色和淺灰色）中，50,000–74,999美元家庭數(shù)量在整個(gè)期間保持2100–2200萬(wàn)，75,000–99,999美元家庭則穩(wěn)定在1500萬(wàn)。值得注意的是，最高收入群體（10萬(wàn)美元及以上，斜紋）增長(zhǎng)最為顯著：從2007年的1500萬(wàn)增至2015年的3300萬(wàn)，幾乎翻倍。

總體而言，低收入家庭（<5萬(wàn)美元）在數(shù)量上占主導(dǎo)，但最高收入階層顯著擴(kuò)張，表明八年期間收入分布差距擴(kuò)大。

柱狀圖核心詞匯及同義替換

1. household/?ha?sh??ld/ (n.) 家庭

? ? ? 同義替換：family unit, domestic household

2. annual income/??nju?l ??nk?m/ (n.) 年收入

? ? ? 同義替換：yearly earnings, annual salary

3. bracket/?br?k?t/ (n.) 階層，區(qū)間

? ? ? 同義替換：category, range, group

4. fluctuate/?fl?kt?ue?t/ (v.) 波動(dòng)

? ? ? 同義替換：vary, change erratically

5. stable/?ste?bl/ (adj.) 穩(wěn)定的

? ? ? 同義替換：steady, constant, unchanging

6. dip/d?p/ (v.) 下降，小幅減少

? ? ? 同義替換：decline slightly, drop marginally

7. remain steady/r??me?n ?stedi/ (phr.) 保持穩(wěn)定

? ? ? 同義替換：stay constant, remain unchanged

8. significant growth/s?ɡ?n?f?k?nt ɡr??θ/ (n.) 顯著增長(zhǎng)

? ? ? 同義替換：substantial increase, marked rise

9. dominate/?d?m?ne?t/ (v.) 占主導(dǎo)

? ? ? 同義替換：predominate, be the largest group

10. distribution/?d?str??bju??n/ (n.) 分布

? ? ? 同義替換：spread, dispersion

柱狀圖雅思詞伙

1. compare A and B對(duì)比A和B

2. show a significant increase呈現(xiàn)顯著增長(zhǎng)

3. remain stable over the period在此期間保持穩(wěn)定

4. the most/least prevalent category最/最不普遍的類別

5. fluctuate between...and...在……之間波動(dòng)

6. account for the largest proportion占最大比例

7. experience a marginal decline經(jīng)歷小幅下降

8. double in number數(shù)量翻倍

9. follow a similar trend遵循相似趨勢(shì)

10. widen the gap擴(kuò)大差距

參考范文3

The bar chart illustrates the distribution of US households across five annual income brackets in 2007, 2011, and 2015, measured in millions. A clear pattern of income polarization emerges, with significant growth in both the lowest and highest earners, while middle-income groups contracted.

In 2007, households earning25,000–25,000–25,000–49,999 represented the largest segment at 27 million, marginally exceeding the sub-25,000 group (25million). By2011, the lowest bracket surged to 30 million, coinciding with a sharp decline in the 25,000 group (25 million). By 2011, the lowest bracket surged to 30 million, coinciding with a sharp decline in the 25,000 group (25million). By2011, the lowest bracket surged to 30 million, coinciding with a sharp decline in the 50,000–74,999 category from 21 million to 15 million.

Notably,? the 74,999 category from 21 million to 15 million. Notably, the 74,999 category from 21 million to 15 million. Notably, the 100,000+ segment remained stable at 15 million during this period.

The most dramatic shift occurred by 2015, when the highest earners became the second-largest group, rocketing to 33 million—nearly doubling their 2007 figure. Meanwhile, the 25,000–25,000–25,000–49,999 bracket decreased slightly to 28 million, and the 75,000–75,000–75,000–99,999 group stagnated at 21 million. The 50,000–74,999 segment showed modest recovery to 21 million but failed to regain its 2007 level.

Overall, these trends indicate a widening wealth gap: the top and bottom income tiers expanded considerably, while middle-income households experienced either contraction or stagnation.

中文譯文

該柱狀圖展示了2007年、2011年和2015年美國(guó)五個(gè)年收入階層的家庭數(shù)量（以百萬(wàn)為單位）。數(shù)據(jù)呈現(xiàn)出明顯的收入兩極分化趨勢(shì)：最低和最高收入群體顯著增長(zhǎng)，而中等收入群體則有所萎縮。

2007年，年收入25,000–49,999美元的家庭為最大群體，達(dá)2700萬(wàn)，略高于25,000美元以下群體（2500萬(wàn)）。到2011年，最低收入階層激增至3000萬(wàn)，與此同時(shí)50,000–74,999美元群體從2100萬(wàn)驟降至1500萬(wàn)。值得注意的是，100,000美元以上群體在此期間穩(wěn)定在1500萬(wàn)。

最顯著的變化出現(xiàn)在2015年：高收入家庭躍居第二大群體，飆升至3300萬(wàn)，較2007年幾乎翻倍。同時(shí)，25,000–49,999美元階層小幅下降至2800萬(wàn)，75,000–99,999美元群體停滯在2100萬(wàn)。50,000–74,999美元群體雖小幅回升至2100萬(wàn)，但未能恢復(fù)2007年水平。

總體而言，這些趨勢(shì)表明貧富差距擴(kuò)大：頂層和底層收入群體顯著擴(kuò)張，而中等收入家庭則面臨萎縮或停滯。

核心詞匯及同義替換

? 1. Distribution/?d?str??bju??n/ – 分布

? ? ? ? Synonym: Allocation /??l??ke??n/, Spread /spred/

? 2. Segment/?seɡm(xù)?nt/ – 群體

? ? ? ? Synonym: Bracket /?br?k?t/, Category /?k?t?ɡ?ri/

? 3. Surge/s??d?/ – 激增

? ? ? ? Synonym: Spike /spa?k/, Soar /s??(r)/

? 4. Stagnate/st?ɡ?ne?t/ – 停滯

? ? ? ? Synonym: Plateau /pl??to?/, Remain unchanged /r??me?n ?n?t?e?nd?d/

? 5. Rocket/?r?k?t/ – 飆升

? ? ? ? Synonym: Skyrocket /?ska?r?k?t/, Jump /d??mp/

? 6. Contraction/k?n?tr?k?n/ – 收縮

? ? ? ? Synonym: Shrinkage /??r??k?d?/, Reduction /r??d?k?n/

? 7. Wealth gap/welθ ɡ?p/ – 貧富差距

? ? ? ? Synonym: Income disparity /??nk?m d??sp?r?ti/

? 8. Marginally/?mɑ?d??n?li/ – 輕微地

? ? ? ? Synonym: Slightly /?sla?tli/, Barely /?be?li/

? 9. Modest/?m?d?st/ – 適度的

? ? ? ? Synonym: Moderate /?m?d?r?t/, Subdued /s?b?dju?d/

? 10. Polarization/?p??l?ra??ze??n/ – 兩極分化

? ? ? ? Synonym: Division /d??v??n/, Stratification /?str?t?f??ke??n/

柱狀圖雅思詞伙

? 1. Illustrate the distribution of– 展示…的分布

Example: The chart illustrates the distribution of households by income.

? 2. Largest segment– 最大群體

Example: The $25k–49k bracket was the largest segment in 2007.

? 3. Marginally exceed– 輕微超過(guò)

Example: Group A marginally exceeded Group B by 2 million.

? 4. Surge to– 激增至

Example: The lowest bracket surged to 30 million in 2011.

? 5. Coincide with– 與…同時(shí)發(fā)生

Example: The decline coincided with economic recession.

? 6. Sharp decline– 急劇下降

Example: Middle-income groups saw a sharp decline in 2011.

? 7. Remain stable– 保持穩(wěn)定

Example: The top bracket remained stable at 15 million.

? 8. Rocket to– 飆升至

Example: High earners rocketed to 33 million by 2015.

? 9. Nearly double– 幾乎翻倍

Example: The top segment nearly doubled over eight years.

? 10. Stagnate at– 停滯在

Example: The $75k–99k group stagnated at 21 million.

? 11. Modest recovery– 適度復(fù)蘇

Example: The middle bracket showed modest recovery.

? 12. Fail to regain– 未能恢復(fù)

Example: It failed to regain its 2007 level.

? 13. Widening wealth gap– 擴(kuò)大的貧富差距

Example: Data reveals a widening wealth gap.

? 14. Experience contraction– 經(jīng)歷收縮

Example: Middle-income households experienced contraction.

? 15. Top and bottom tiers– 頂層和底層

Example: Top and bottom tiers expanded considerably.