MES 的發(fā)展歷程是怎樣的？
20世紀(jì)80年代末，美國(guó)先進(jìn)制造研究機(jī)構(gòu)(AMR)首先提出MES的概念
1992年，美國(guó)成立以宣傳MES思想和產(chǎn)品為宗旨的貿(mào)易聯(lián)合會(huì)——MES國(guó)際聯(lián)合會(huì)（MESA International
1997年，MESA發(fā)布修訂后的6個(gè)關(guān)于MES的白皮書，對(duì)MES的定義與功能、 MES與相關(guān)系統(tǒng)間的數(shù)據(jù)流程、應(yīng)用MES的效益、MES軟件評(píng)估與選擇以及MES發(fā)展趨勢(shì)等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了詳盡的闡述；
1999年，美國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與技術(shù)研究所（NIST）在MESA白皮書的基礎(chǔ)上，發(fā)布有關(guān)MES模型的報(bào)告，將MES有關(guān)概念標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。
MES 的發(fā)展歷程是怎樣的？
專用的MES (Point MES)。專用的MES (Point MES)主要是針對(duì)某個(gè)特定的領(lǐng)域問(wèn)題而開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)，如車間維護(hù)、生產(chǎn)監(jiān)控、有限能力調(diào)度或是SCADA等；
集成的MES(Integrated MES)。集成的MES(Integrated MES)系統(tǒng)起初是針對(duì)一個(gè)特定的、規(guī)范化的環(huán)境而設(shè)計(jì)的，如今已拓展到許多領(lǐng)域，如航空、裝配、半導(dǎo)體、食品和衛(wèi)生等行業(yè)，在功能上集成的MES(Integrated MES)已實(shí)現(xiàn)了與上層事務(wù)處理和下層實(shí)時(shí)控制系統(tǒng)的集成。
可集成的MES(I-MES)。可集成的MES(I-MES)將模塊化應(yīng)用組件技術(shù)應(yīng)用到MES的系統(tǒng)開發(fā)中, 是前兩類MES系統(tǒng)的結(jié)合：既具有專用MES系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)，即I-MES中的部分功能作為可重用組件單獨(dú)銷售；又具有集成化MES的特點(diǎn)，即能實(shí)現(xiàn)上下兩層之間的集成。 I-MES還具有能實(shí)現(xiàn)客戶化、可重構(gòu)、可擴(kuò)展和互操作等特性，能方便地實(shí)現(xiàn)不同廠商之間的集成和遺留系統(tǒng)的保護(hù)，以及即插即用等功能。
智能化第二代MES(MESII)。智能化第二代MES(MESII)的核心目標(biāo)是通過(guò)更精確的過(guò)程狀態(tài)跟蹤和更完整的數(shù)據(jù)記錄以獲取更多的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)更方便地進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)管理，它通過(guò)分布在設(shè)備中的智能來(lái)保證車間生產(chǎn)的自動(dòng)化
下一代MES(MOM)。下一代MES(MOM)的顯著特點(diǎn)是強(qiáng)調(diào)生產(chǎn)同步性（協(xié)同），支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造。下一代MES(MOM)通過(guò)MES引擎在一個(gè)和幾個(gè)地點(diǎn)來(lái)進(jìn)行工廠的實(shí)時(shí)生產(chǎn)信息和過(guò)程管理以協(xié)同企業(yè)所有的生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)，建立過(guò)程化、敏捷化、有效的組織和級(jí)別化的管理使企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)達(dá)到同步化。
在應(yīng)用方面國(guó)內(nèi)的 MES 明顯落后與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，這幾年隨著國(guó)家推進(jìn)智能制造，MES在國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了較大的需求。
根據(jù)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型網(wǎng)（搜索欄輸入：中國(guó)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型網(wǎng)，即可了解詳情）的資料，SRM是企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型非常重要的一環(huán)。數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型網(wǎng)有大量的關(guān)于SRM的資料和方案，比如介紹SRM的定義、SRM的功能、SRM的價(jià)值、SRM的優(yōu)秀案例、SRM與CRM、MRP、PLM、APS、MES、WMS等區(qū)別等等知識(shí)，找數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型資料上數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型網(wǎng)。若您對(duì)SRM數(shù)字化感興趣，想和更多對(duì)企業(yè)SRM數(shù)字化的感興趣的同道者們進(jìn)行交流，也可關(guān)注第五屆華東CIO大會(huì)&2023中國(guó)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型展，搜索欄輸入：華東CIO大會(huì)，即可了解報(bào)名和參會(huì)詳情！
本文為科普類文章，不作為選擇建議或投資建議。
翻譯：
What is the development history of MES?
In the late 1980s, the United States Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute (AMR) first proposed the concept of MES
In 1992, the United States established a trade federation for the purpose of promoting MES ideas and products - MES International Federation (MESA International)
In 1997, MESA published six revised white papers on MES, elaborating on the definition and function of MES, the data flow between MES and related systems, the benefits of applying MES, the evaluation and selection of MES software, and the development trend of MES.
In 1999, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) issued a report on MES models based on the MESA white paper, standardizing MES concepts.
Dedicated MES (Point MES). Dedicated MES (Point MES) are systems developed for a specific domain problem, such as shop maintenance, production monitoring, limited capacity scheduling, or SCADA.
Integrated MES(Integrated MES). Originally designed for a specific, regulated environment, Integrated MES(Integrated MES) systems have expanded to include many industries, such as aviation, assembly, semiconductors, food and health. Functionally Integrated MES(Integrated MES) has achieved integration with upper-level transaction processing and lower-level real-time control systems.
Integrable MES(I-MES). Integrated MES(I-MES) applies modular application component technology to the system development of MES, which is a combination of the first two types of MES systems: it has the characteristics of special MES systems, that is, some functions of I-MES are sold separately as reusable components; It also has the characteristics of integrated MES, that is, it can realize the integration between the upper and lower layers. I-MES also has the features of customization, reconfiguration, scalability and interoperation, and can easily realize the integration between different vendors and the protection of legacy systems, as well as plug and play functions.
Intelligent second generation MES(MESII). The core goal of intelligent second-generation MES(MESII) is to obtain more data to facilitate production management through more accurate process status tracking and more complete data recording, and it ensures the automation of workshop production through the intelligence distributed in the equipment
Next generation MES(MOM). The significant feature of next-generation MES(MOM) is the emphasis on production synchronization (collaboration) and support for networked manufacturing. The next generation MES(MOM) uses the MES engine to carry out real-time production information and process management of the plant in one or several locations to coordinate all production activities of the enterprise, and establish process, agile, effective organization and hierarchical management to synchronize the production and operation of the enterprise.
In terms of application, domestic MES is significantly behind developed countries, and in recent years, as the country promotes intelligent manufacturing, MES has a greater demand in the domestic market.
