* 用英語自身來理解和學(xué)習(xí)英語是最好的方式，《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列，這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升，并樹立英語思維；
* 推薦的閱讀的方法是：先原文，適當(dāng)看解析閱讀，還有疑惑再看雙語對(duì)照。
* 解析中英語單詞的音標(biāo)使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標(biāo)標(biāo)注，如果需要了解Dictcom音標(biāo)，請(qǐng)參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標(biāo)體系》一文。
* 本篇文章難度系數(shù)6.6，由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智能難度分析系統(tǒng)提供評(píng)分。
【編者按】本文僅為學(xué)習(xí)英語，特別是醫(yī)學(xué)有關(guān)的英語。具體相關(guān)醫(yī)學(xué)方面的知識(shí)，請(qǐng)咨詢醫(yī)生為準(zhǔn)。但我同意也建議有規(guī)律的生活比放縱的生活對(duì)身體會(huì)更好。
Do donated organs age according to the donor′s age or do they adapt to the age of the new body?
【譯】捐贈(zèng)器官的年齡是否與捐贈(zèng)者的年齡相一致，還是與新身體的年齡相適應(yīng)？
【短語】according to ... 根據(jù)，按照，取決于，據(jù)…所說；例句：But, these sites are not without risk, according to the report. 但是根據(jù)報(bào)告，這些網(wǎng)站并不是沒有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
【單詞】donated 原型：donate ['doh-neyt, doh-'neyt][d??'ne?t] v. 捐贈(zèng)；捐獻(xiàn)
【單詞】organs 原型：organ ['awr-guhn]['??ɡ?n] n. 器官
【單詞】adapt [uh-'dapt][?'d?pt] vi. 適應(yīng)；適合
They age according to the age of the donor.
【譯】它們的年齡取決于捐贈(zèng)者的年齡。
【單詞】donor ['doh-ner]['d??n?] n. 捐贈(zèng)人；施主；供者
There's a lot of factors in what causes aging, but the upshot is that the organ will have experienced all of those withing the donor's body first - the cell damage due to alcohol, crap food, lack of exercise, age - and the donated part will continue to age from the time of donation.
【譯】導(dǎo)致器官衰老的因素有很多，但要點(diǎn)是器官會(huì)先經(jīng)歷捐贈(zèng)者身體里所經(jīng)歷的所有——酒精、垃圾食品、缺乏鍛煉、年齡等造成的細(xì)胞損傷——捐獻(xiàn)的部分會(huì)從捐獻(xiàn)時(shí)起持續(xù)衰老。
【短語】due to 多數(shù)表示“由于；因?yàn)椤薄Ｈ纾篢his accident was due to his careless driving．同時(shí)，due 與to 單配，還可以表示“付給某人”，如：Respect is due to older people.
【單詞】factors 原型：factor ['fak-ter]['f?kt?] n. 因素；因數(shù)；因子
【單詞】aging ['ey-jing]['e?d???] n. 老化(時(shí)效；遲滯)
【單詞】upshot ['uhp-shot]['?p??t] n. 結(jié)果；結(jié)局；要點(diǎn)
【單詞】cell [sel][sel] n. 細(xì)胞
【單詞】damage ['dam-ij]['d?m?d?] n. 損害；損失；毀壞
【單詞】alcohol ['al-kuh-hawl, -hol]['?lk?h?l] n. 酒精；酒；乙醇
【單詞】crap [krap][kr?p] adj. 劣質(zhì)的；蹩腳的
【單詞】exercise ['ek-ser-sahyz]['eks?sa?z] n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)；練習(xí)
【單詞】donation [doh-'ney-shuhn][d??'ne??n] n. 捐款；捐贈(zèng)
However, other than normal cell aging caused by, well, age, the new body will determine how fast the new part ages.
【譯】然而，除了正常的細(xì)胞老化所造成的，嗯，年齡，新的身體將決定新部分老化得有多快。
【單詞】determine [dih-'tur-min][d?'t??m?n] v. 決定；決心；確定；測(cè)定
So if well taken care of once implanted in the new host, it will basically age at the rate of the recipient.
【譯】因此，一旦植入新的宿主，如果處理得當(dāng)，它基本上會(huì)以接受者的速度老化。
【短語】take care of 照顧；注意；例句：If you take care of something, you begin to love it — which makes us very vulnerable. 如果你照顧某些事情，你已經(jīng)開始愛上它了--這讓我們非常的投入.
【單詞】implanted 原型：implant [im-'plant]['?mplɑ?nt] v. 深植；灌輸；嵌入；移植
【單詞】host [hohst][h??st] n. 主人；寄主；宿主
【單詞】basically ['bey-sik-lee]['be?s?kli] adv. 基本上；主要地
【單詞】recipient [ri-'sip-ee-uhnt][r?'s?pi?nt] n. 接受者
So, for example: a thirty year-old alcoholic is killed by a freak accident.
【譯】舉個(gè)例子：一個(gè)30歲的醉酒者死于一場意外的事故。
【短語】for example 例如；例句：You can buy fruit here - oranges and bananas, for example. 你可以在這里買水果，例如買柑橘和香蕉。
【單詞】alcoholic [al-kuh-'haw-lik][??lk?'h?l?k] n. 酗酒者
【單詞】killed 原型：kill [kil][k?l] v. 殺死；終止；消滅
【單詞】freak [freek][fri?k] adj. 奇異的；不正常的
【單詞】accident ['ak-si-duhnt]['?ks?d?nt] n. 事故；意外；偶然
How it happened doesn't matter, know only that it was batter up and the only salvagable part is the liver.
【譯】事情是怎么發(fā)生的并不重要，只知道那是個(gè)爛攤子，唯一可以挽救的部分是肝臟。
【短語】do not matter 不礙事，不要緊；例句：It does not matter to me which side wins. 誰勝誰負(fù)對(duì)我來說都無關(guān)緊要。
【單詞】happened 原型：happen ['hap-uhn]['h?p?n] vi. 發(fā)生；碰巧；出現(xiàn)；偶遇
【單詞】batter ['bat-er]['b?t?] v. 猛擊；打壞
【單詞】liver ['liv-er]['l?v?] n. 肝臟
Now, that liver had been soaked in alcohol, dude lived on fried bread, so it was aging fast: 1 year of age per year + 1/2 year of age to abuse, so from an aging standpoint, it was 30-years old + 15 years of abuse and damage = functionally 45 year old liver.
【譯】現(xiàn)在，肝臟已經(jīng)被酒精長期侵染，這個(gè)生活放縱的人生前每天吃炸面包，所以它的老化速度很快：每年1歲+濫用1/2歲，所以從老化的角度來看，它是30歲+濫用和損害15年=功能45歲的肝臟。
【單詞】soaked 原型：soak [sohk][s??k] vt. 使浸透；吸入；浸洗
【單詞】dude [dood, dyood][du?d] n. 花花公子；紈绔子弟
【單詞】fried 原型：fry [frahy][fra?] v. 油煎；油炸
【單詞】bread [bred][bred] n. 面包
【單詞】abuse [uh-'byoos][?'bju?s] n. 濫用；惡習(xí)
【單詞】standpoint ['stand-point]['st?ndp??nt] n. 立場；觀點(diǎn)
【單詞】functionally ['fuhngk-shuh-nl]['f??k??n?li] adv. 功能上；機(jī)能上
Now the new body it finds itself in is 25-years old, loves and cherishes that liver.
【譯】現(xiàn)在，它（指移植后的肝臟）發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的新身體才25歲，并且熱愛并珍視肝臟。
【單詞】cherishes 原型：cherish ['cher-ish]['t?er??] vt. 珍愛；抱有；撫育
It takes that liver and coddles it with clean water, veg, and a two kilometer walk every day with a dog that loves them and the world it lives in.
【譯】它對(duì)肝臟是用干凈的水、蔬菜來呵護(hù)它，每天和一只愛他們和它生活的世界的狗散步兩公里。
【單詞】coddles ['kod-l]['k?dl] v. 嬌養(yǎng)；溺愛
【單詞】veg [vej][ved?] n. 蔬菜(=vegetable)
【單詞】kilometer [ki-'lom-i-ter]['k?l??mi?t?] n. =kilometre 公里；千米(略作km)
Like, seriously, that dog is awesome and great for mental health.
【譯】說真的，那條狗很棒，對(duì)精神健康也很好。
【單詞】seriously ['seer-ee-uhs-lee]['s??ri?sli] adv. 嚴(yán)肅地；認(rèn)真地；嚴(yán)重地
【單詞】awesome ['aw-suh?m]['??s?m] adj. 可怕的；表示敬畏的；了不起的；精彩的，絕妙的
【單詞】mental ['men-tl]['mentl] adj. 思想的；心理的；精神的；腦力的
So the new liver continues to live one year of age per year, and no added stress and abuse, so it ages normally.
【譯】所以新的肝臟每年能正?；钜粴q，而且沒有額外的壓力和虐待，所以它能按正常速率衰老。
【單詞】stress [stres][stres] n. 壓力
【單詞】normally ['nawr-muh-lee]['n??m?li] adv. 通常；正常地
The 25-year old body has a 45-year old liver, but it will continue to age normally and now that it's being treated better, might even last a little longer than expected.
【譯】因此這個(gè)25歲的身體有著45歲的肝臟，但它會(huì)繼續(xù)正常衰老，現(xiàn)在它的治療效果更好，甚至可能比預(yù)期的時(shí)間能夠使用更長一點(diǎn)。
【語法】longer than 形容詞或副詞比較級(jí) + than，是“比...更...”的意思；例句：He is younger than me. 他比我（更）年輕。He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得（更）快。
【單詞】treated 原型：treat [treet][tri?t] v. 對(duì)待；治療；處理
