體系架構(gòu)（Enterprise Architecture, EA）的開(kāi)山之作，之前一直引用，從來(lái)沒(méi)有系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)，通過(guò)翻譯加深理解，與感興趣的朋友一起學(xué)習(xí)探討?；诓煌愋兔枋龅念惐龋髡咛岢隽诵畔⑾到y(tǒng)不同類型的描述。
翻譯中自己理解的東西加的比較多，不對(duì)的地方大家多多指正。
除了表3列舉出的“描述”內(nèi)容，還有其他的描述沒(méi)有在表中描述?！安牧厦枋觥闭f(shuō)明了“是什么”（what），“功能描述”說(shuō)明了“如何工作”（How），“位置描述”說(shuō)明了“位置拓?fù)洹保╳here）。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，產(chǎn)品描述還應(yīng)該包括：“誰(shuí)”（Who）、“何時(shí)”（when）和“為什么”（why）。僅僅包含前三種描述，對(duì)于本次要討論的信息系統(tǒng)體系結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)足夠復(fù)雜，本文的其余部分將僅限于表3中所包含的三種描述，對(duì)其他三類描述留待以后討論。為了將來(lái)的參考，附錄A包含了一個(gè)初步的，類似于表3的關(guān)于人(誰(shuí))、時(shí)間(何時(shí))和動(dòng)機(jī)(為什么)的描述說(shuō)明。
The“description” row of Table 3 suggests that there likely are additionaldescriptions not characterized in the table as the material descriptionaddresses “WHAT,” the functional description addresses “HOW,” and the locationdescription addresses “WHERE.” The implications are that there must be at least“WHO,” “WHEN,” and “WHY” descriptions as well. Discussion of these additionaltypes of descriptions is reserved for the future, since using only threedifferent descriptions introduces considerable complexity into the subject ofinformation systems architecture at this time. Therefore, the remainder of thispaper will be limited to the three types of descriptions contained in Table 3.For future reference, Appendix A is included and contains a preliminary, Table3-like characterization of the additional descriptive types related to people(who), time (when), and motivation (why).
基于前面對(duì)架構(gòu)過(guò)程中不同參與者具有不同觀點(diǎn)的分析，類比信息系統(tǒng)的架構(gòu)描述，對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)信息系統(tǒng)也有不同類型的架構(gòu)描述。如下所示：
As was the case with the earlier idea regarding the different perspectives of the different participants in the architecture process, once again it is straightforward to identify the information systems analogs for the elements of the second idea, that is, the different types of descriptions for the same object, as follows:
a. 信息系統(tǒng)術(shù)語(yǔ)中的功能描述被稱為過(guò)程（或功能）模型，描述模型一般被抽象為“輸入-過(guò)程-輸出”。
a.? ? Functional description-Ininformation systems terms this would likely be called a process (or afunctional) model, and the descriptive representation would be called the sameas the general case, “input-process-output.”
b、 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，原料描述用來(lái)描述“產(chǎn)品是由什么組成的”，對(duì)于信息系統(tǒng)，原料就是數(shù)據(jù)。因此在信息系統(tǒng)術(shù)語(yǔ)中，原料描述對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)模型。相應(yīng)的，在數(shù)據(jù)術(shù)語(yǔ)中，“零件-關(guān)系-零件”的描述模型變成“實(shí)體-關(guān)系-實(shí)體”。而數(shù)據(jù)模型相當(dāng)于信息系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品的物料清單。
b.? Material description-Generallyspeaking, the material description describes the “stuff the thing is made of,”which in the case of information systems is data. Therefore, in informationsystems terms, the analog for the material description would be a data model,and in the data vernacular, “part-relationship-part” would become“entity-relationship-entity.’’ The data model is the equivalent of thebill-of-materials for the information systems product.
c、 位置描述在信息系統(tǒng)中，對(duì)應(yīng)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型，重點(diǎn)描述各個(gè)組件之間的通信流（連接）。在信息系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)術(shù)語(yǔ)中，“設(shè)備-連接-設(shè)備”將成為“節(jié)點(diǎn)-鏈接-節(jié)點(diǎn)”
c.? ? Location description-Ininformation systems, this would likely be called the network model, in whichthe focus is on the flows (connections) between the various components. In theinformation systems network vernacular, “site-link-site” would become “node-line-node.”
類似表3列出的產(chǎn)品的不同類型描述，表4列舉出一個(gè)信息系統(tǒng)一般性的描述。
Therefore, the rows of Table 4, whichconstitute the analogs in information systems for the more generic types ofdescriptions, could be added to Table 3.
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