"Kick the ball with foot."That is "football."“用足踢球”,那就是“足球”。
There is another similar name in ancient China: Cuju. "Cu" means to kick, "ju" means a type of leather ball filled with feathers. Since 2500 years ago, Cuju has become a type of sport in Warring States era which can be looked up from the historical book: Zhan Guo Ce(Stratagems of the Warring States) .
在古代中國,有另一個很相似的名字:蹴鞠。“蹴”意思是:踢,鞠是一種用羽毛填充的皮球。早在2500年前,蹴鞠就已經(jīng)成為戰(zhàn)國時期的一種運動。在史書《戰(zhàn)國策》中便對蹴鞠有所提及。
In Han Dynasty, Cuju is a fitness training for the military cavaliers. Later, it becomes popular and the popularity spreads from army to the upper class and royal courts. The first emperor of the Han Dynasty-Han Gao Zu and another emperor Han Wu Di (They both are the outstanding emperors in Chinese history) are great fans of Cuju. At this time, Cuju developed into a type of sport which was often held inside the imperial palace. Cuju games were standardized and the rules were established at the same time. There weretwo teams to compete each other and there were two crescent-shaped goal posts at each side.
漢代時,蹴鞠是軍隊里武士訓練的一個項目。后來,它開始從軍隊流行到上流社會而后又到宮廷里。漢朝兩位杰出的領導人:開朝皇帝漢高祖(劉邦)和后來的漢武帝(劉徹)都是超級蹴鞠愛好者。那時,蹴鞠已成為皇宮里經(jīng)常舉行的運動項目。此時,蹴鞠的規(guī)則也開始逐漸標準化起來。比賽時分兩隊互相競技,兩邊各有一個彎月形的球門。
In Tang Dynasty, the original rubber ball with leather skin outside was replaced by an air-filled ball with a two-layered hull. And two types of goal posts emerged: one was made by setting up two goal posts with a net at each end, the other consisted of just one goal post in the center of the field between the two teams.
唐朝時,原來的那種羽毛填充的皮球升級為兩層外皮包裹并由空氣填充的球體。同時,賽場上的球門有兩種不同的分布方式:一種是在兩隊的邊上各有一個帶網(wǎng)的球門,另一種是在兩隊中間的場地中心只設一個球門。
The fast development of the sport Cuju was flourished in Song Dynasty. The emperor of Song-Song Hui Zong was crazy about it. In the great historical novel SHUI HU ZHUAN( English name: ALL MEN ARE BROTHERS), there was an official named Gao Qiu who was much favored by the emperor as a great extent because he was a professional Cuju player. During Song Dynasty, Cuju has two teams also, each team has eleven players with the uniforms in different colours. The players competed each other fiercely, and there is a referee to make sure the fairness of the game.
到了宋代,蹴鞠開始快速發(fā)展并顯示出生機蓬勃的跡象。宋朝皇帝宋徽宗對此極為癡迷。在知名歷史小說《水滸傳》中,有一位名叫高裘的太尉深得宋徽宗的寵信,很大一部分原因就是因為他是一位蹴鞠高手。此時,蹴鞠還是有兩隊,每隊有11位選手,穿著代表各隊顏色的球衣。隊員們在場上激戰(zhàn),同時,會有一位裁判來確保比賽的公正性。
However, due to the upper-class people particularly some officials are indulged in this games and ingored their own job responsibilities. The first emperor of Ming-Ming Tai Zu banned this sport. Although civilians still play Cuju in private, it begins to decline during Ming and Qing Dynasty because the government's crackdown.
然而,由于上流社會特別是一些朝廷官員開始沉迷于這項運動以至于忽視了自己的本職工作,于是在明太祖(朱元璋)開創(chuàng)大明王朝后,便明令禁止這項運動。雖然民間還有一些人私下里玩一玩。但是由于朝廷的打壓,在明清時期,這項運動開始逐漸衰落了。
The modern football games stemmed from some of the villages of England. Later, it gradually becomes popular and well-known by nearby cities. In 1863, the game was standardized and ruled by nations. And becomes popular in the world.
現(xiàn)代足球起初流行在英國的一些小村鎮(zhèn)里,后來,它逐漸在附近的村鎮(zhèn)也開始流行起來。1863年,這項運動開始由國家出手進行標準化和制度化。之后,開始在世界各地流行起來。
Nowadays, football doesn't belong to China or any of the other countries. It belongs to all the human beings. Should more and more Chinese football players have a better understanding of the world by English language and world culture, I believe Chinese football team will become the better football team not only to be respected by Chinese people but to be respected by the world people.
現(xiàn)在,足球不專屬于中國或其他任何一個國家,它是屬于全人類的一項運動。如果越來越多的中國球員能通過英語和世界文化對世界有更多的理解,我相信中國足球隊不僅會得到中國人民的尊重,也會得到全世界人民的尊重。