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I. Reading 閱讀
Jeff had a terrible day. He missed the train to work. Moreover, he had to wait a long time for the next train. As a matter of fact, he waited for two hours. To make matters worse, he left his briefcase on the train. As a result, he had to go to the police station. Poor Jeff never got to work that day. What a nightmare!
杰夫過了很糟的一天。他上班沒趕上火車。而且，他得久候下一班火車的到來。事實(shí)上，他等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。更糟的是，他把手提箱留在火車上了。結(jié)果，他得到警察局走一趟?？蓱z的杰夫那一天根本上不了斑。真是惡夢一場??！
II. Vocabulary&Idioms 單詞短語注解
- terrible ['t?r?bl] a. 糟糕的，可怕的
例: That was a terrible movie.
(那真是一部遭透了的電影。) - miss [m?s] vt. 錯(cuò)過
例: Why did you miss the meeting today?
(你為什么錯(cuò)過今天的會(huì)議呢?) - moreover [m?r'ov?] adv. 此外，尤有甚者
例: Mike is very kind. Moreover, he is honest.
(邁克為人很好。而且，他還很誠實(shí)。) - wait [wet] vi. 等候
wait for + 人或事物 等候某人或某事物
例: I am still waiting for my girlfriend to write to me.
(我還在等我女友寫信給我。) - as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上(使用時(shí)置于句首，之后置逗號)
=in fact
例: That car is not cheap. As a matter of fact, it's very expensive.
(那輛車不便宜，事實(shí)上，它很昂貴。) - to make matters worse,... 更糟的是，......
worse [w?rs] a. 更壞的（bad的比較級）
例: It was raining. To make matters worse, I forgot to bring my umbrella.
(下雨了。更糟的是，我忘了帶傘。) - left [l?ft] vt.將······留在······(leave的過去式)
例: I left my umbrella on the bus.
(我把雨傘留在公共汽車上了。) - briefcase ['brifkes] n.手提箱，公事皮包
- police station [p?'lis ?ste???n] n. 警察局
- nightmare ['na?t'm?r] n.惡夢(本文中指"可怕的經(jīng)驗(yàn)")
例: City traffic is a real nightmare.
(市區(qū)的交通真像是一場惡夢。)
III. Grammar Points 語法重點(diǎn)
本課介紹不定式短語作副詞的用法及感嘆句的用法。
- He missed the train to work.
(他上班沒趕上火車。)
本句中的to work是介詞短語，作形容詞用，修飾之前的名詞the train。to是介詞，表示"通往"之意。work則為名詞，作to之賓語，原指"工作",此處籠統(tǒng)指"上班"之意。其他有關(guān)work的常用短語尚有:
a. go to work 上班
例: He goes to work at 8:00 a.m. every morning.
(他每天早上八點(diǎn)上班。)
b. after work 下班后
例: What do you usually do after work?
(下班后你通常做什么?) - To make matters worse, he left his briefcase on the train.
(更糟的是，他把手提箱留在火車上了。)
to make matters worse為不定式短語。這種短語由to之后接動(dòng)詞原形所成，此處的to是虛詞，而非介詞。這種不定式短語通常置于自首，之后置逗號，有副詞的功能，修飾全句。類似的短語尚有
to tell (you) the truth 老實(shí)（對你）說
to be frank (with you) 坦白（跟你）說
例：A: Did you like the movie?
B: To tell the truth, I fell asleep in the middle of it.
(甲：你喜歡這部電影嗎?)
(乙：老實(shí)說,我看到一半時(shí)就睡著了。)
A: Do you like Picasso's paintings?
B: To be frank, I don't know who Picasso is.
(甲：你喜歡畢加索的畫嗎?)
(乙：坦白說，我不知道誰是畢加索。) - What a nightmare!
= What a nightmare it was!
(真是惡夢一場啊!)
原句句尾省略了主語it及動(dòng)詞was；it是代詞，指的是杰夫一天里種種倒霉遭遇。
本句屬what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。英文中的感嘆句有兩種，一由how引導(dǎo)，一由what引導(dǎo)，均置于句首。這種感嘆句多譯成“多么地”、“眞地”。感嘆旬均由陳述句(即“主語+動(dòng)詞······”的句子結(jié)構(gòu))轉(zhuǎn)變而成，形成的方式如下
a. 以how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
由于how是副詞，可修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞，
因此：
- 陳述句有形容詞，之后又無名詞時(shí)，該形容詞移至how之后即告完成。
陳述句：He is nice(a.).
(他人很好。)
感嘆句：How nice he is!
(他多好啊!) - 陳述句有副詞時(shí)，該副詞移至how之后即告完成。
陳述句 : He worked hard.
(他工作努力。)
感嘆句 : How hard he worked!
(他工作多努力啊!) - how亦可修飾陳述句中的動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)將how置于原陳述句句首即告完成。
陳述句：I love that picture.
(我喜歡那張畫。)
感嘆句： How I love that picture!
(我多喜歡那張畫啊!)
b. 以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
此時(shí)what是形容詞，之后須接名詞或含有形容詞修飾的名詞，因此
1)陳述句有名詞時(shí)，該名詞移至what之后及告完成。
陳述句：It was a nightmare(n.).
(那是一個(gè)惡夢。)
感嘆句: What a nightmare it was!
(真是惡夢一場啊!)
陳述句: They are nice(a.) boys(n.).
(他們是好孩子。)
感嘆句：How nice boys they are! ( X )
What nice boys they are! ( O )
(他們真是好孩子!)
陳述句：He did a stupid thing.
(他做了件蠢事。)
感嘆句: What a stupid thing he did!
(他做了多蠢的一件事!) - what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，what之后接名詞，再接“主語+be動(dòng)詞”時(shí)，主語及be動(dòng)詞可省略。
例: What a nightmare it(主語) was(be動(dòng)詞)!
→What a nightmare!
(真是噩夢一場啊！)
What a nice boys they(主語) are(be動(dòng)詞)!
→What nice boys!
(多好的孩子們??！)
IV. Subsitution 替換
- He had to wait a long time, as a matter of fact, he waited for two hours.
We had to work a long time. As a matter of fact, we worked all night.
I had to study a long time. As a matter of fact, I studied all day.
(他必須等很久。事實(shí)上，他等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。)
(我們必須工作很久。事實(shí)上，我們一整晚都在工作。)
(我必須念很久的書。事實(shí)上，我一整天都在念書。) - What a nightmare!
What a terrible day that was!
What a noisy child she is!
What a stupid thing to say!
(真是惡夢一場啊！)
(真是可怕的一天??！)
(那女孩好吵哦！)
(說那樣的話真蠢！)
