轉(zhuǎn)自公眾號(hào): BioinfoNDD
發(fā)表年份：2022.07
發(fā)表雜志：Nature
影響因子：69.504
JCR分區(qū)：Q1

作者團(tuán)隊(duì)：Matthew B. Ross, Britta M. Glennon, Raviv Murciano-Goroff, Enrico G. Berkes, Bruce A. Weinberg和Julia I. Lane

論文題目：
Women are Credited Less in Science than are Men

論文摘要：
There is a well-documented gap in the observed number of scientific works produced by women and men in science, with clear consequences for the retention and promotion of women in science1. The gap might be a result of productivity differences2-5, or it might be due to women’s contributions not being acknowledged6,7. This paper finds that at least part of this gap is due to the latter: women in research teams are significantly less likely to be credited with authorship than are men. The findings are consistent across three very different sources of data. Analysis of the first source - large scale administrative data on research teams, team scientific output, and attribution of credit - show that women are significantly less likely to be named on any given article or patent produced by their team relative to their peers. The gender gap in attribution is found across almost all scientific fields and career stages. The second source – an extensive survey of authors – similarly shows that women’s scientific contributions are systematically less likely to be recognized. The third source – qualitative responses – suggests that the reason is that their work is often not known, not appreciated, or ignored. At least some of the observed gender gap in scientific output may not be due to differences in scientific contribution, but to differences in attribution.

在觀察到的由女性和男性在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)作的科學(xué)作品數(shù)量存在有據(jù)可查的差距，這對(duì)女性在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的保留和提升產(chǎn)生了明顯的影響。1.這種差距可能是生產(chǎn)力差異的結(jié)果2-5，或者可能是由于女性的貢獻(xiàn)沒(méi)有得到承認(rèn)6,7.這篇論文發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種差距至少有一部分是由于后者：研究團(tuán)隊(duì)中的女性比男性更不可能被認(rèn)定為作者。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)在三個(gè)非常不同的數(shù)據(jù)源中是一致的。對(duì)第一個(gè)來(lái)源的分析——關(guān)于研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的大規(guī)模行政數(shù)據(jù)、團(tuán)隊(duì)科學(xué)產(chǎn)出和信用歸屬——表明，與同行相比，女性在團(tuán)隊(duì)制作的任何特定文章或?qū)＠媳稽c(diǎn)名的可能性要小得多。幾乎所有科學(xué)領(lǐng)域和職業(yè)階段都存在歸因方面的性別差距。第二個(gè)來(lái)源——對(duì)作者的廣泛調(diào)查——同樣表明，女性的科學(xué)貢獻(xiàn)系統(tǒng)地不太可能得到認(rèn)可。第三個(gè)來(lái)源 - 定性反應(yīng) - 表明原因是他們的工作往往不為人知，不被欣賞或被忽視。在科學(xué)產(chǎn)出中觀察到的性別差距中，至少有些可能不是由于科學(xué)貢獻(xiàn)的差異，而是由于歸因的差異。